Search results for "policy maker"
showing 7 items of 7 documents
Spain: commercialization drives public debate and precaution
2000
Since the commercialization of genetically modified (GM) crops and foods in Spain in 1996, these products have become a topic of public concern and conflict. Several important social protagonists from science, industry and civil society have become involved in the public debate. The conflicts have influenced the regulation, improving its precautionary content, in response to social pressures in Spain and elsewhere in Europe. As Spain has become the primary cultivator of GM crops in the European Union, commercial cultivation there has been scientifically monitored for possible long-term environmental effects. Regulators have also asked industry to cease using antibiotic-resistant marker gene…
The erosion of personal norms and cognitive dissonance
2016
ABSTRACTIn this article, we study how personal norms and behaviour interact and evolve when agents try to reduce cognitive dissonance, and how this dynamic relates to Nash equilibrium. We find that in long run, agents play, and norms prescribe, Nash equilibrium in material payoffs (in the absence of norms). Our model captures two main facts: (i) norms erode along the play of the game; (ii) the erosion of norms depends on the set of possible economic choices, so that the policy maker can potentially influence them.
Misura delle performance finanziarie e patrimoniali delle aziende agricole: proposta operativa per un nuovo modello di rating per le aziende agricole
2012
La profonda evoluzione dei sistemi agricoli negli ultimi anni hanno accresciuto l'attenzione di tutti gli attori istituzionali ed economici rispetto alla problematica dell'accesso al credito per le imprese. Nel passato molto spesso il credito in agricoltura ha usufruito di regimi "speciali"; con l'implementazione delle regole di Basilea 2 (più di recente Basilea 3), le condizioni per l'accesso al credito si sono notevolmente irrigidite. Nell'ambito del settore agricolo, la pressoché assenza di bilanci certificati rende particolarmente difficoltosa questa valutazione. Nel presente lavoro, dopo aver analizzato la letteratura in materia di valutazione del merito creditizio delle aziende agrico…
Building European‐level Quality Assurance Structures: Views from Within ENQA
2009
Abstract The current article discusses the changes in the role of the European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education (ENQA) in the Bologna Process, mainly from the ENQA point of view. This paper argues that ENQA’s development to its current status as a European‐level policy maker is to a great extent a result of the European Union’s policy of supporting European‐level cooperation and transparency in the field of quality assurance. ENQA was not the only contestant for the role it now has in European quality assurance. The European University Association (EUA) had long‐term experience in quality assurance and also had its own interests in the field of quality assurance. The te…
The civic university: the policy and leadership challenges
2018
The societal role of higher education institutions has long been a topic of interest amongst academics and policy maker communities alike. In Europe, the EU’s Lisbon strategy (2000–2010) catapulted...
Climate change: where are we right now?
2019
15ème Rencontres Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Nature : Changement climatique, humanité et biodiversité; International audience; Greenhouse gases (GHGs), naturally part of the atmosphere, have protected us from severe glaciations in thepast. Today, human activities increase GHG concentrations and cause rapid and unprecedented Earth warming.Climate change is not resumed only to warming, water cycle is also changed. All the researches confi rm: the climateis changing fast, too fast for ecosystems and societies to adapt. Despite the alerts of the international scientifi ccommunity, States gathered into Conferences of the Parties (COP) ratify agreements but do not comply with all theircommitments. Pu…
The contribution of action research to policy learning: The case of Gipuzkoa Sarean
2014
Published version of an article in the journal: International Journal of Action Research. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1688/IJAR-2014-02-Karlsen This article is about a six year policy learning process named Gipuzkoa Sarean in the Basque province of Gipuzkoa. In the article we reflect on how action research contributed to policy learning. The process consists of three stages: 2009-2011: Initiation of the project and development of a work method; 2011-2013: Government learning and organisational change; 2013-2014: Social learning and the shift to a new approach to territorial development. For each stage we describe the background and main goal of the research pr…